How to Prevent Falls in the Elderly

Getting older can be a wonderful thing. As we enter our golden years, we can learn more about ourselves, reconnect with friends and loved ones, and often enjoy a slower pace that makes it easier to enjoy the little things. However, getting older does come with a few physical changes. In some older adults, changes like health conditions, new medication regimens, and reduced muscle tone can lead to falls. And while falls are a leading cause of injury among older adults, they are preventable. Read on to learn more about how to prevent falls in the elderly.

How to Prevent Falls in the Elderly

What Causes Falls in the Elderly?

Per American Family Physician, some normal changes associated with aging – things like reduced vision or hearing capabilities – can make older adults more likely to fall. There are several other factors that can cause falls in the elderly:

• Certain illnesses can cause weakness or lethargy
• Poor lighting can make individuals more likely to trip over household objects
• Some medicines, including those for sleep problems and high blood pressure, can upset your balance as a side effect. Taking more than four medications at once can also increase the likelihood of falls.

Work with a Doctor to Prevent Falls

Working with a doctor can be a key way to prevent falls. A doctor can help assess the following risk factors for falls:

• Medications: Older adults should bring a list of prescription and over-the-counter medications, including any nutritional supplements, to each doctor’s appointment. Doctors may wean certain adults off of medications if they are at particularly high risk for falls.
• Fall History: The National Institute on Aging (NIA) recommends bringing a full “fall history” to each doctor’s appointment. Adults should ask themselves: Have I fallen before? If so, when, where, and how? Even the smallest details can help a doctor determine fall prevention strategies.
• General Health Status: Doctors should assess any health conditions on an ongoing basis to help prevent falls. Patients, on the other hand, should be comfortable discussing general balance and comfort issues. For example, a patient should communicate any dizziness or balance problems, as well as any discomfort while walking, standing, or moving. Finally, a doctor may wish to assess a patient’s gait to scout out any undetected balance issues.
• Exercise (or Lack Thereof): Doctors are an excellent resource for elderly adults who want to explore exercise programs. The NIA reports that regular exercise can help build muscle in older adults. Additionally, exercise can keep bones, joints, and tendons flexible, which can stave off the worst effects of a fall.

Learn to Put Safety First

When it comes to preventing falls, a few small safety precautions can go a long way. For example, adults who are concerned about falls can chat with a doctor or physical therapist to help determine if they could benefit from using a cane or walker. Additionally, older adults should carefully assess their living environments. Addressing the following hazards can be a great place to start:

• Remove any boxes, plants, knick-knacks, or electrical cords from walkways in the home.
• Secure loose rugs with double-faced tape or slip-resistant backing.
• Look out for any loose floorboards, peeling tile, or loose carpeting.
• Store household items within easy reach.
• Immediately clean any spills.
• Use nonslip mats in the bathroom, and consider installing a bath seat in the shower.

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Determining how to prevent falls in the elderly is a process unique to each individual. However, there are several easy steps older adults can take to protect themselves from falls, including working with a doctor, removing household hazards, and immediately addressing any dizziness or balance issues.

Do you have questions about preventing falls? Are you in need of medical advice and wondering where to turn? Reach out to the professionals at the National Dizzy & Balance Center. We specialize in diagnosing and treating vestibular disorders, including concussions and ongoing dizziness. Our talented team members can evaluate the extent of your concussion and design a personalized plan to relieve your symptoms. To learn more about our approach to dizziness management, please contact us online or by phone. Or if you’re ready to get started, schedule your free medical consultation today.